Gunther Schuller

(U.S.A.)

Gunther Schuller (born 1925, New York City) has developed a musical career that ranges from composing and conducting to his extensive work as an educator, jazz historian, administrator, music publisher, record producer, and author. In 1943, at the age of seventeen, Mr. Schuller was principal French horn with the Cincinnati Symphony; two years later he was appointed to a similar position with the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra. In 1959 he gave up performing to devote himself primarily to composition. Among other awards, Mr. Schuller has received the Pulitzer Prize (1994), the Darius Milhaud Award, the Alice Ditson Conducting Award, the Max Rudolf Award of the Conductors Guild, the Rodgers and Hammerstein Award, and numerous honorary degrees. In 1989 Mr. Schuller was honored by Columbia University with the William Schuman Award for lifetime achievement in composition; in 1991 he was granted a coveted MacArthur Fellowship; in 1993 Downbeat Magazine honored Mr. Schuller with a Lifetime Achievement Award for his contributions to jazz and elected him to the Downbeat Hall of Fame; in 1994 Musical America named him Composer of the Year. Mr. Schuller was decorated with the Grand Cross of the Order of Merit by the Federal Republic of Germany in 1996 for his services to music. In 1994 Mr. Schuller received the Pulitzer Prize for his work Of Reminiscences and Reflections. In 1998, he was one of only five living musicians in the inaugural class of inductees of the American Classical Music Hall of Fame in Cincinnati. Mr. Schuller has also had an extensive career in the field of jazz, collaborating (as composer, arranger, hornist, conductor) with such major jazz musicians as Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie, the Modern Jazz Quartet, Gil Evans, Eric Dolphy, Charles Mingus and Joe Lovano.

Mr. Schuller has written over 160 compositions, including five symphonies, twenty eight concertos (for a wide variety of instruments, among these: two for violin, three for piano, three string quartets, two operas, and numerous chamber works. His most popular works have been Seven Studies on Themes of Paul Klee, Spectra, Deaï (for three orchestra), Four Soundscapes, The Past is in the Present, An Arc Ascending, Farbenspiel (commissioned by the Berlin Philharmonic). His opera The Visitation (Die Hemsuchung) based on Kafka's Der Prozess was commissioned by and premiered to enormous success at the Hamburg State Opera in 1966.

As a conductor Mr. Schuller travels through the world, leading such ensembles as the Berlin Philharmonic, London Philharmonic, Chicago Symphony and the New York Philharmonic orchestras in widely varied repertory. As an educator, he taught at the Manhattan School of Music and at Yale University before being appointed President of the New England Conservatory of Music (Boston) in 1967, in which post he served until 1977. From 1963 to 1984 Mr. Schuller was Head of Composition and (later) Artistic Director of the Berkshire Music Center at Tanglewood. Since 1984 he has been the Artistic Director of the Festival at Sandpoint (Idaho).

Mr. Schuller has written dozens of essays and five books, all for Oxford University Press, including the renowned jazz history studies Early Jazz and The Swing Era: The Development of Jazz &Mac247; 1930-1945. His most recent book is a volume on the art of conducting as an interpretive art, entitled The Compleat Conductor.

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